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Walter Krupinski
Walter "Graf Punski" Krupinski (11 November 1920 – 7 October 2000) was a German Luftwaffe fighter ace of World War II and a senior West German air force officer after the war. He was one of the highest-scoring pilots, credited with 197 victories in 1,100 sorties. He was called by his fellow pilots Graf Punski (Count Punski) due to his Prussian origins. Krupinski was one of the first to fly the Me 262 jet fighter in combat as a member of the famous aces squadron JV 44 led by Adolf Galland.
==Childhood, education and early career==
Krupinski was born on 11 November 1920, in the town of Domnau in the Province of East Prussia, and grew up in Braunsberg, present-day Braniewo, Poland. He was the first son of Friedrich Wilhelm Krupinski, a ''Obergerichtsvollzieher'' (bailiff), and his wife Auguste, née Helmke. His two younger brothers were Paul and Günther.〔Braatz 2010, pp. 13–14.〕 Paul joined the ''Kriegsmarine'' and entered the Unterseeboot service, and was killed in action on 11 November 1944 while serving on as an ''Oberleutnant zur See'', which was sunk off the Norwegian coast by the British submarine HMS ''Venturer''.〔Braatz 2010, p. 152.〕
Krupinski entered the Luftwaffe in September 1939 as an ensign. From November 1939 to October 1940, Krupinski entered basic air training and, after being assigned as a fighter pilot, the fighter school.〔Flight training in the Luftwaffe progressed through the levels A1, A2 and B1, B2, referred to as A/B flight training. A training included theoretical and practical training in aerobatics, navigation, long-distance flights and dead-stick landings. The B courses included high-altitude flights, instrument flights, night landings and training to handle the aircraft in difficult situations.〕 Following two weeks of vacation, Krupinski completed his training at ''Jagdfliegerschule 5'' (5th fighter pilot school) in Wien-Schwechat to which he was posted on 1 July 1940. ''Jagdfliegerschule 5'' at the time was under the command of the World War I flying ace and recipient of the Pour le Mérite Eduard Ritter von Schleich. One of his course mates was Hans-Joachim Marseille, who had been posted to the ''Jagdfliegerschule 5'' in late 1939 but had not yet graduated out of disciplinary reasons.〔Braatz 2010, p. 28.〕 His three room mates at the school were Walter Nowotny, Paul Galland, the brother of Adolf Galland, and Peter Göring, a nephew of the ''Reichsmarschall'' Hermann Göring.〔Braatz 2010, p. 29.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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